<span>Reduction in a nation's labor force would long-run aggregate supply curse to the left, representing a reduction in labor. This would tend to drive up labor costs over time. Presumably, the demand curve would remain static in the short-term.
However, such a reduction would also impact the nation's consumption and thereby reduce the demand for products. This would in turn drive a decreased demand for labor (leftward shift) and apply downward pressure to wages.
The answer to this depends on whether the questions is regarding short-term, medium-term or long-term labor supply/demand curve.</span>
Answer:
C) 8.75%
Explanation:
Number of periods = 4 years
Given return rates = 20%, -10%, 20%, and 5%
To obtain the arithmetic average annual return, add the return rates given for all periods and divide the sum by the number of periods.

Over four years, the S&P 500 index delivered an arithmetic average annual return of 8.75%.
The individual mechanism that deals with workers psychological reactions to overtaxing job demands is referred to as stress.
Stress is considered as a defensive mechanism, as it follows the three stages of resistance, alarm, and exhaustion. The psychological stress is usually associated with negative life changes.
So here in this case, the individual mechanism, which is dealing with the workers psychological reactions to overtaxing job demands is considered as stress. As the workers are stressed due to the overtaxing job demands.
Hence, the coping mechanisms are the strategies people often use in the face of stress in order to help manage painful or difficult emotions.
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A cash cow is a portfolio business that generates operating cash flows over and above internal requirements, thereby providing financial resources that may be used to <u>finance new acquisitions, fund share buyback programs, or pay dividends.</u>
What is portfolio?
A portfolio is a group of financial investments such as stocks, bonds, commodity markets, cash, and cash equivalents, which may include closed-end funds and exchange traded funds (ETFs). People commonly believe that stocks, securities, and cash form the foundation of a portfolio. While this is frequently the case, it does not have to be the rule. A portfolio may include a diverse range of assets, such as real estate, art, and investments.
You can hold and manage your portfolio a do, or you can have it managed by a money manager, money manager, or another finance professional.
Therefore, the correct option is (B) cash cow
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