The British invasion had huge impact on the American History in pretty much all aspects. For starters, the demographics of America changed, with the native population almost led to extermination, while more and more Europeans and later African slaves were filling in the continent. The culture also changed, and it was the newly introduced British culture that became dominant. New methods and new plants were introduced into the agriculture. The economic type changed. The continent became open to the world, at least some of it initially, later for all of it. New technological advancements were introduced, as well as new ideas.
Congress required Southern states to draft new constitutions guaranteeing African-American men the right to vote. The constitutions also had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted African Americans equal protection under the law.
The state governor has the power to propose legislation. He or she can privately interpret the constitution, but is not given any judicial powers in this sense, like the state judiciary.