This is an example of negative reinforcement.
Her mother scolded her every time Jane bit her nails - so Jane learned that every time she bites her nails, she is going to be scolded sternly by her mother. In order to avoid that, she stopped biting her nails, and thus the reinforcement was successful.
Anvil is a heavy steel block that is used as a surface to hammer metal
The correct answer here would be the third option.
The Enlightenment movement and its supporters placed the highest value on the reason itself and they therefore challenged the established and traditional beliefs that were dominant at the time. The idea that people had fundamental rights that no government could break were critical for the future development of nations as was the idea that the government was for the people and the people had the right to chose their government.
