The answer is iron. The Hittites learned to smelt and work with the element before any other civilization.
A. the civilizing mission
<em>Letter B </em>is correct. Oliver Cromwell was indeed a Calvinist protector of the Puritans in England, but he did not command any closure of theaters or Christmas banishment.
<em>Letter A and C: </em>Although John Locke is considered to be the 'father' of the Enlightenment. Empiricist and representative of the Liberal Individualism, he argued that sovereignty should not belong to the State, but to the people.
Although he was the first to propose the government powers separation in England, Charles Montesquieu (one of the most important representatives of the Enlightenment movement in France, along with Voltarie and Rousseau) also proposed that the power should be divided among Executive, Legislative and Judiciary.
<em>Letter D</em>: Benjamin Franklin, inventor, writer, philosopher, diplomat and one of the signatures under the U.S. Declaration of independence, was also fond of the Enlightenment ideals. Known as the greatest diplomat in the history of America, he was as popular as Voltaire in XVIII Century Enlightened France, what made him able to convince the French Monarchy to aid their cause against the Great Britain domain, towards the independence consolidation. Among his many deeds after inaugurating democracy in U.S., he engaged in several community-oriented projects, including the creation of libraries and universities for the population.
