I believe through conquest and colonization
Answer:
France under the Ancien Régime (before the French Revolution) divided society into three estates: the First Estate (clergy); the Second Estate (nobility); and the Third Estate (commoners). The king was considered part of no estate.
. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state
2. Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.
3. The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.
4. Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie
5. Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI
6. Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.
The answer to this question is
B.Feminism and gay rights were political and social movements.
The United States end the negotiations with France during the XYZ Affair because French officials demanded that the United States pay bribes.
The XYZ Affair was an incident in 1978, involving US envoys to France and un-named French diplomats who identified themselves as X, Y, and Z. They demanded substantial bribes and payments from the US envoys in exchange for ceasing of French hostility to US merchant ships as a result of the US entrance into the Jay treaty with Great Britain.
