The hemoglobin holoenzyme (active enzyme) is a complex of an iron ion and 4 subunits- 2 hemoglobin alpha and two hemoglobin beta. People with sickle cell disease have mutated beta hemoglobins. The mutation is a single nucleotide exchange, that changes the 6th amino acid of  protein primary struture - a Glutamic acid into Valine. This one alteration changes the tree dimentional structure of hemoglobin beta so, that it forms lond fibres that disrupt the normal circular form of the red blood cells.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
the mean effect is dead you and your family 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
An example of ATMOSPHERE affecting the BIOSPHERE. Atmosphere because it is AIR pollution and biosphere because it causes LUNG TISSUE damage.
        
             
        
        
        
Stockmanship is a term more common in the beef cattle industry and can be defined as the art and science of handling cattle, or any other farm animal, properly.