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astraxan [27]
3 years ago
10

How does making models help scientists observe ...????HELP

Biology
2 answers:
olga nikolaevna [1]3 years ago
5 0
Building models doesn't actually help scientists observe phenomena. Scientists build models to describe how nature and systems operate then make observations to see if their models match what they observe. Models which don't match what they observe are either alterated or scrapped. Good models are kept and used by the scientific community.
Aleksandr-060686 [28]3 years ago
3 0
<span>For the writer, scientific models are paradigms of set of patterns that is assumed to happen in a particular situation or circumstance which is why it was created and modeled, to explain a certain phenomenon. Take for instance the biogeochemical cycle model –water cycle. The water cycle model involves the different process which was observed happen as the current cycle has been experimented and predicted to happen again with the same process. </span>



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While studying the function of a G protein-coupled receptor you develop a modified GTP molecule that has the same binding capabi
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<u>Answer:</u>

Effects Include:

Activates secondary messengers such as cAMP which further activates number of hormones like

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<u>Explanation:</u>

Background Knowledge:

GPCR (G Protien coupled receptors) are present inside plasma membrane in huge amount. As name suggest that these receptors are coupled with G proteins during their inactive state present inside of the cell. During their Inactive state these G proteins are bounded with GDP molecule.

Upon receiving signal molecules from outside of cell alters the shape of GPCR. These receptors also triggers change in G Protein, as a result of this GTP get attached with them. This protein further activates reaction cascades inside of the cell.

What happen if GTP cannot be hydrolyzed to GDP + Pi?

If GTP cannot hydrolyzed in to GDP + Pi than, it cannot be able to dissociate from G proteins. Cascade system doesn't stop and produces many effects on body.

Effects Include:

Activates secondary messengers such as cAMP which further activates number of hormones like

  • ADH: production of this hormone causes kidneys to retain more water inside body.
  • GHRH: release growth factors and stimulates growth of organism.
  • ACTH: produces fight or flight responses i.e rise in heart beat, rise in Blood pressure etc
  • TSH: Stimulate the synthesis of Thyroid hormone and enhances the metabolism of body. In rare cases causes Goiter without the deficiency of Iodine.
  • LH: Stimulate follicle maturation and formation of ovules in women.
  • Calcitonin: Decreases blood calcium level by deposition calcium in bones. This effect weakens the muscles.
  • Glucagon: Stimulates glycogen breakdown from liver and muscles and many more effects.
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