Answer: Herbert Hoover
Explanation:
Herbert Hoover served as President of the United States from 1929 to 1933. He was in office when the Great Depression began, and was blamed for the fact that the country struggled as it did. The problems that led to the Depression had been building up for years before Hoover took office, but as the leader of the country when the troubles hit, he was the one who took the bulk of the criticism. And Hoover really had no successful solutions to the problems.
In a radio addressed delivered on February 12, 1931, President Hoover emphasized his approach to let local governments, private businesses and private charities lead the way in addressing Depression conditions. He said this: "Throughout this depression I have insisted upon organization of these forces through industry, through local government and through charity, that they should meet this crisis by their own initiative, by the assumption of their own responsibilities." Hoover believed the federal government should take a secondary, supportive role -- not be the key force in solving the Depression. He said, "The Federal Government has sought to do its part by example in the expansion of employment, by affording credit to drought sufferers for rehabilitation, and by cooperation with the community, and thus to avoid the opiates of government charity and the stifling of our national spirit of mutual self-help."
In the 1932 presidential election, Hoover's approach was rejected. He was defeated by Franklin D. Roosevelt, who took over as president on a platform of national measures to combat the Depression -- a program of policies and initiatives that Roosevelt called the "New Deal."
The correct answers to these open questions are the following.
In "The Spirit of Laws," Montesquieu differs from Hobbes and Locke in his beliefs about the state of nature in that Baron de Montesquiou thought that people were fearful by nature that they were always trying to avoid any form of violence, aggression, and war.
What Montesquiou meant by "the state of war" and its relation to "the state of society" was that he thought that the time people are part of society, they lose their fear and start to compete, creating differences and inequity which has the risk to create violence and war.
That is why, in "The Spirit of Laws," Baron of Montesquiou proposed that the government should establish the law and order in society, and at the same time, had the obligation to protect the citizens and their property.
Baron of Montesquiou was one of the brightest minds of the Enlightenment along with Jean-Jaques Rousseau, John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Voltaire.
Federalists. Along with John Jay and Alexander Hamilton, James Madison penned The Federalist Papers. The supporters of the proposed Constitution called themselves "Federalists." Their adopted name implied a commitment to a loose, decentralized system of government.
One of the reasons why the Great Leap Forward failed in China is because "<span>Poor implementation, natural disasters, and the withdrawal of Soviet support led to the failure," although it had much more to do with poor implementation. </span>
The government system of the Soviet Union during Cold War was communism, which basically abolishes the right of an individual to own a private property. This means that the government has the sole control in all of its resources, thus a greater chance of accumulating and safe-keeping of wealth. Furthermore, during those times war among nations was already at a set off so there was a need to advance their artillery system and other equipment needed to armed themselves in case of attacks. Therefore, most of their resources went to defense spending.
This lead to the understanding among the Soviet Union's people that the current government system was already inefficient and is not viable to sustain the needs of their country. People then demanded a change.
