Answer:
<u>Question</u><u> </u><u>1</u><u>:</u>
<em>Answer</em><em>:</em><em> </em>M: (17 - 35) & (17 - 37), N:(8 - 18) (8 - 16) & (8 - 17)
• Isotopes are atoms of the same element with same atomic number but different mass numbers.
<u>Question</u><u> </u><u>2</u><u>:</u>
<em>Answer</em><em>:</em><em> </em>Element M has high nuclear charge than element N
• Nuclear charge depends on atomic number or proton number.
Answer:
Here is every answer for analog and digital (in order)
Analog:
- Signal Shape: Smooth and continuous
- Numerical Values for Signal Measurements: Analog signals represent one continuous variable as the result of another continuous time-based variable. They are capable of outputting continuous information with a theoretically infinite number of possible values.
- Amount of Data that can be transmitted: analog circuits can conduct only fairly low-speed data communications. The maximum data rate over an analog facility is 33.6K bps when there are analog loops at either end. With 56K bps modems, only one end of the loop can be analog. The other end of the connection has to be digital.
- Energy requirements: light, sound, temperature, position, and pressure
- Privacy and security (ability of the signal to be encoded in a secret code): not encrypted
- Clarity of Signal: noise affects clarity and quality, noise is amplified, amplified noise causes more random information in the signal, signal bandwidth is low
Digital (in order):
- Signal shape: stepping, square, and discrete
- Numerical Values for Signal Measurements: digital communication methods transmit a complete measured value, in other words both a numeric value and a unit of measurement
- Amount of data that can be transmitted: First of all, it is theoretically possible to transmit digital signals directly. Unfortunately when we use capacitors and inductors (energy storage devices) to match the impedance from the transmitter to the air (low impedance transistor say 5 ohms to 388 ohms (air)) these components introduce a bandwidth limiting match. Since all impulse functions have infinite bandwidth (transmitting a 1 and a zero) the bandwidth of the transceiver must be multi octave in order to have any reasonable efficiency. Systems engineers simplify the problem by introducing direct sequence modulation where a carrier is modulated 0/180 degrees dependent on the data rate.
- Energy requirements: voltage, accoustic pressure, and magnetization of a magnetic storage media
- Privacy and security: encrypted
- Clarity of signal: noise is lower in amplitude, electronics can ignore the noise, quality of signal is maintained, signal is high
Explanation:
I did mine in bullet points, hopefully this helped!
Phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. A typical phase diagram has pressure on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis. In addition, two states of the substance coexist in equilibrium on the lines or curves
Hope this helped:)