If we draw the contingency table of x (vertical) against y (horiz.), we have a square.
For n=4, we have (legend: < : x<y = : x=y > : x>y
y 1 2 3 4
x
1 = < < <
2 > = < <
3 > > = <
4 > > > =
We see that there are n(n-1)/2 cases of x<y out of n^2.
Therefore,
p(x<y)=n(n-1)/(2n^2)=(n-1)/(2n)
However, if the sample space is continuous, it will be simply p(x<y)=1/2.
6 (Allison's number of blue) divided by 16 (Allison's total) is equal to x (Sadie's blue) out of 24 (Sadie's total).
So 6/16=3/8=x/24. So x=3*3, so Sadie's amount of blue pencils is 9. The rest of Sadie's pencils are yellow, so Sadie has 24-9=15 yellow pencils.
The change is 6 because the pouts you lose depends on how many times you leave the shoes at home
Just keep adding 5 to the number
When you factor this problem you get:
(3x+5)(x+10)
