1. Declaratory Act: Parliament allowed to pass any laws
British Parliament had directly taxed the American colonies for revenue in the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765.
However, in the Declaratory Act of 1766, Parliament repealed the Stamp Act of 1765, but it actually hardened its principle by asserting its complete authority to make laws binding on the American colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”
2. Cornwallis: surrendered at Yorktown
In October 19, 1781, the Battle of Yorktown terminated, as the name suggests, at Yorktown, Virginia. A combined force of American Continental Army troops led by George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau were enough to make British Army leader <u>Cornwallis to surrender:</u> the capture of both him and his army, forced the British government to negotiate and put an end to the battle.
3. Federalists: favored Constitution
Drafting a new U.S. Constitution created a strong debate between <u>Federalists </u>and<u> Anti-Federalists</u>. On the one hand, and, opposed to the new Constitution, the Anti-Federalists, argued that the document’s provision of federalism promoted a corrupt government and that it might allow the President of the United States to act as a king.
On the other hand, <u>favoring the new Constitution</u>, Federalists argued that the system of government created by the new document would be “neither wholly national nor wholly federal.” They also argued that federalism’s system of shared powers would prevent each state from acting as its own sovereign nation with the power to override the laws of the Confederation. On March 4, 1789, the United States officially became governed by the provisions of the U.S. Constitution, including its provision for <u>federalism.</u>
4. Virginia Resolves: result of Stamp Act.
As a consequence of the <u>Stamp Act passed in 1765</u>, which led to protest in the American colonies, and to the use of the slogan, "No taxation without representation!, (since the Act placed a tax on newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, all kinds of legal documents, insurance policies, ship's papers, licenses and dice) the Virginia Resolves were a series of resolutions written by the Virginia House of Burgesses.
It claimed that since no colonial representatives were elected to the Parliament, the only assembly legally allowed to raise taxes would be the <u>Virginia General Assembly.</u>
5. Washington: established Fort Necessity
During the <u>Battle of Fort Necessity</u> which took place on July 3, 1754, George Washington built Fort Necessity in what is nowdays Fayette County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The structure protected a storehouse for supplies such as gunpowder, rum, and flour. It was also created to defend supplies in the fort's storehouse from Washington's own men and as a defense against a hostile enemy.
6. First Navigation Act: Ships had to be English.
The First Navigation Act was a series of laws created to restrict England’s carrying trade to English ships in the 17th and 18th centuries. Moreover, many fish imports and exports were entirely reserved to English shipping, as was the English coastal trade. These laws became a form of trade protectionism during an era of <u>mercantilism. </u>
7. Proclamation Act of 1763: Settlers not permitted to move west.
After the French and Indian war, colonists continued expanding to the west into the frontier. King George feared that more conflict between the Native Americans and the colonists would threaten trade in the region. Therefore, the Proclamation of 1763 was seen as a solution, which declared the boundaries of settlement for inhabitants of the 13 colonies to be Appalachia.
8. Writs of Assistance: allowed British to search colonists' homes
Since <u>smuggling </u>was a major issue in the American colonies, Writs of Assistance were documents issued by British provincial courts that served as a search warrant that allowed British officers to enter colonists' homes to search for smuggled goods.
9. Anti-Federalists opposed Constitution.
As stated in the answer number 3 from above (Federalists favored the Constitution) Anti-Federalists, argued that the Constitution document’s provision of federalism promoted a corrupt government and that it might allow the President of the United States to act as a King.
10. Colonel Hamilton: British Commander at Vincennes
During the <u>American Revolution</u> (1765-1783), American forces led by George Rogers Clark won the Battle of Vincennes, which took place near to what is nowadays the city of Vincennes, Indiana, on February 25, 1779 over British troops under the command of Henry Hamilton, commander of Fort Detroit.
