- 20 cycles of PCR is necessary for the amplification target sequence
Mass is proportional to sequence length.
Let one base pair have mass M.
Thus,
will have mass 
And the 3.2kb target will have a mass of
For the total amount of amplified target sequence to constitute 50% (by mass) of the total DNA in the reaction mixture, it has to be amplified to such an extent that the total mass of the amplicon matter is also 
PCR amplification happens geometrically, doubling the DNA target with each cycle.
Thus, if the number of cycles in N,
Then,

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Answer:</h2>
Thumb ligament injuries usually occur from a forced radial deviation (abduction) of the thumb during a high-velocity activity. Skiers and those who play ball-handling sports, such as baseball, football and basketball, have a greater risk of sustaining such an injury.
The infant of a mother with hydraminos must be assessed with esophageal atresia.
Hydraminos is excessive amniotic fluid. Any child born to a woman with hydramnios must have esophageal atresia ruled out. Because a fetus typically swallows amniotic fluid during intrauterine life, hydramnios happens. As a result of the fetus's inability to swallow properly due to esophageal atresia, the amniotic fluid level may become unusually high.
<h3>
What is esophageal atresia?</h3>
When a newborn is born with esophageal atresia (EA), a portion of the esophagus is absent (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach). The esophagus develops as two distinct, unconnected segments rather than as a tube connecting the mouth and the stomach. Some children have esophageal defects that prevent the ends from being surgically joined. Long-gap EA is what this is called.
To learn more about esophageal atresia with the help of given link:
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Answer:
Antibiotics can: 7,2,3,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,
Antibiotics can't:1,4,5,8,14
Explanation:
sorry if its wrongggggg :))