Answer: $322 241
Explanation: Retained earnings is the capital that is left over after total dividends has been deducted and paid out. It is calculated as follows:
Retained earnings = retained earnings at the beginning of the year + net profits made during the current year - dividends paid out.
∴ Retained earnings = $318, 423 (opening Retained earnings)+ $11,318 (net profits / income) - $7,500 (dividends)
=$322,241
The $25,000 new stock issued generated income to the business, but this does not fall in the retained earnings line item. Rather it falls under the Ordinary Share Capital line item, which includes all the company's issued share capital.
Answer:
- Other Comprehensive income = $37,500
- Comprehensive income = $154,500
Explanation:
Other comprehensive income:
= Realized gain on sale of available-for-sale debt securities + Unrealized holding gain arising during the period on available-for-sale debt securities - Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income
= 11,000 + 34,000 - 7,500
= $37,500
Comprehensive income = Net income + Other comprehensive income
= 117,000 + 37,500
= $154,500
Answer:
1. Under command-and-control regulation, the government will sometimes specify the technology that firms must use in production. TRUE, e.g. currently the US government banned Huawei from providing 5G technology in the US due to security concerns even though that provides the best 5G technology in the world.
2. The government may decide on a specific amount of pollution that firms can legally emit. TRUE, the EPA sets the standards and companies must follow them, whether they are too high or too low maybe subject to an extensive debate.
3. A limitation of a command-and-control regulation is that firms have no incentive to remove pollution once they are within the legal pollution limits. TRUE, if the company is complying with current regulation, then that is all it needs to keep functioning without any problem.
4. Command and control situations are always the best option when it comes to reducing the amount of pollution. FALSE, when is the government or Congress the most efficient at doing something. Efficiency is not a characteristic of any government entity.
5. Command-and-control is more flexible than market-based regulation. FALSE, the terms command and control should give you an idea that government intervention can be anything but flexible.
6. A command-and-control regulation is subject to political considerations. TRUE, command and control regulation is set up by government agencies or Congress and both are political entities by definition. E.g. some governments impose harder environmental controls through the EPA, others impose softer or no controls at all.
The cost of advertising is part of the firm's variable cost and if advertising enables the firm to sell a greater output, its average total cost does not change.
Variable costs are dependent on the production output and sales. The variable cost of production is a constant amount per unit produced.
As the volume of production and output increases, variable costs will also increase. Alternatively, when fewer products are produced, the variable costs associated with production will consequently decrease.
Different examples of variable costs are sales commissions, cost of raw material, direct labor costs, used in production, and utility costs.
To know more about variable costs here:
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Answer:
The market value of the stock is $41.8
Explanation:
Div 1 = Div 0 (1+r)
=3.80 (1+0.10)
=3.80(1.10)
=4.18
Market value of the stock= Dividend 1 / (r-g)
= 4.18 / 0.2 - 0.1
= 4.18 / 0.1
= $41.8
The market value of the stock is $41.8
