It was the "Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act" that was a disaster because when European nations responded with tariffs on American goods global trade plunged by roughly two thirds
<span> from 1929 levels.</span> This was viewed as exacerbating the Great Depression.
Two of the major ways in which the Civil War amendments (commonly referred to as the Reconstruction Amendments) added to individual freedoms was that they abolished slavery and involuntary servitude (with the 13th Amendment) and made it so every US citizen had equal protection under the law (with the 14th amendment).
At the beginning of both World War I and World War II, the initial policy of the United States was to "remain neutral", since the United States during these times was a very "isolationist" nation.
Mexico became an active belligerent in World War II in 1942 after Germany sank two of its tankers. The Mexican foreign secretary, Ezequiel Padilla, took the lead in urging other Latin American countries to support the Allies as well. A small Mexican air unit operated with the United States in the Philippines.
