The Muslim scholars of what historians call the School of Toledo (12th century) were responsible for the translation of many Greek texts to the Arabic and then to Latin. Because of these translations, the studying of those texts increased and they started to be read on European universities.
Many Toledo translations were important for major Renaissance scientists as Roger Bacon (c. 1219/20 – c. 1292) and Copernicus (1473-1543), for example.
The re-discovery of ancient Greek texts due to their translation from the School of Toledo is an example of cultural diffusion. The work done in Toledo kept those texts alive and being read until they found interested audiences in the rest of Europe.
The plan would result in domination of the country by special interests
Answer:
D. Germany had to pay reparations
Explanation:
After WW1 Germany was heavily in debt after it was forced to pay reparations for it's involvement in the war.
Answer:
There were several reasons why the United States became interested in revitalizing contact between Japan and the West in the mid-19th century. First, the combination of the opening of Chinese ports to regular trade and the annexation of California, creating an American port on the Pacific, ensured that there would be a steady stream of maritime traffic between North America and Asia. Then, as American traders in the Pacific replaced sailing ships with steam ships, they needed to secure coaling stations, where they could stop to take on provisions and fuel while making the long trip from the United States to China. The combination of its advantageous geographic position and rumors that Japan held vast deposits of coal increased the appeal of establishing commercial and diplomatic contacts with the Japanese. Additionally, the American whaling industry had pushed into the North Pacific by the mid-18th century, and sought safe harbors, assistance in case of shipwrecks, and reliable supply stations. In the years leading up to the Perry mission, a number of American sailors found themselves shipwrecked and stranded on Japanese shores, and tales of their mistreatment at the hands of the unwelcoming Japanese spread through the merchant community and across the United States.
The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western Great Powers, and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of the Emperor
