I will assume you mean the Homestead Act of 1862, which was the first and most iconic one. In that case, the requirements were that the homesteader, the one filing the claim, be either the head of the household OR twenty-one years old, they had to live only on the designated land, build a home, improve it, and farm the land for five years, and, finally, they had to be a United States citizen that had never taken up arms against America.
It's the famous... Mahatma Gandhi!
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It helped them understand things that helped their literature.
Generally speaking, yes, it is true that a person will understand the compressed language of a poem better if she brings her knowledge of areas such as history and mythology to that poem, since this will help her understand potential "hidden" themes.