Answer/Explanation:
DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for replicating DNA. It is hugely important that is performs its functions accurately, as if incorrect bases are incorporated this can lead to mutations that disrupt the structure and function of genes. It adds nucleotides in a 5' - 3' direction only.
DNA polymerase III also has high processivity, which means that for every time it binds DNA, it is able to add many bases before it becomes dissociated.
A. DNA polymerase avoids the incorporation of improperly paired nucleotides in two ways:
- The first way depends on the structure of the enzyme. If the nucleotide that the enzyme is in the process of adding is not complementary to the template, then the nucleotide will not align with the template, and thus it is more inefficient to add. This inefficiency means the nucleotide is more likely to leave the active site before it is added, and DNA polymerase can replace it with the correct nucleotide.
- It also has proofreading capabilities. This means, when an incorrect base is added, it recognises the error and can fix this. It can do this because it possesses 3'-5' exonuclease activity. That means, it can chop out incorrectly added bases.
B. Ribonucleotides are the nucleotides that are incorporated into a growing RNA molecule. They are different from deoxyribonucleotides because of the differences in the sugar backbone (ribose vs deoxyribose). Their incorporation would disrupt the structure and function of the DNA, leading to problems with transcription and replication.
DNA polymerase avoids incorporating these nucleotides primarily because of the structure of the enzyme. Ribonucleotides cannot fit into the active site of DNA polymerase due to what is called a "steric filter" or "steric gate". This gate/filter function is performed by specific amino acid residues which usually have a bulky side chain and thus block the incorporation of the 2'OH of the ribose sugar (which is lacking in the deoxyribose sugar)
The relationship between the food we eat and the energy in our bodies is that food is converted to energy and without food we will not have energy, I think hopes this helped you out a little.
The answer is:
Client, environment, health, and nursing
Answer:
Hydrogen
Explanation:
hydrogen couldn't form until the universe had cooled enough to allow their nuclei to capture electrons, about 380,000 years after the Big Bang, Within about 3 minutes after the Big Bang, conditions cooled enough for these protons and neutrons to form hydrogen nuclei.
Answers;
Ancient China
Earthenware, stoneware, and bronze were common mediums used in ancient China.
Earthenware is clay fired at relatively low temperatures of between 1,000 to 1,150 degrees.
Stoneware is made from a particular clay which is fired at a higher temperature of 1,200°C. This results in a more durable material, with a denser, stone-like quality.
