<h3><u>Answer and Explanation</u>;</h3>
- Purines: Heterocyclic rings are synthesized one atom at a time, first atom attached to ribose phosphate (source is PRPP) and then all the other atoms are added .
- Pyrimidines: Common intermediate, orotate, synthesized first, then orotate is attached to ribose phosphate (source is PRPP or 5-Phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate).
Answer/Explanation:
The DNA in all living organisms is made up of 4 bases, adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine. The RNA replaces thymine with uracil, making 5 types of nucleotide. The number of nucleotide pairs in a genome can range from half a million up to 100,000 million - meaning there are an exponential number of combinations of these 4 bases.
Imagine an organism exists that has only 2 nucleotides (<u><em>this is over 200,000x smaller than even the smallest bacterial genome</em></u>). If we allow any nucleotide at each of the 2 positions, then we have 4x4 (4²) or 16 possible combinations of sequences. For a nucleotide length of 4, the total number of possible combinations are 4⁴ or 256.
Since we are dealing with many millions of nucleotides, there are essentially infinite combinations of nucleotides, giving rise to the variation that produces over 20 million organisms on the planet.
I believe it's A, but I could be wrong. I apologize if I am so. I will do further research and get back to you
D. the average temperature in Wisconsin is 60 degrees
