The severe Russian winter was the major reason for Napoleon's defeat during his invasion of Russia in 1812.
He gets land because he is the ruler of the land.
Answer: Fiat money
Explanation:
The paper money that is used in the United States is the Federal Reserve Notes. It should be noted that the Federal Reserve Note is an example of a fist money.
Fiat money refers to a government-issued currency and it should be noted that this isn't backed by a commodity. Through fiat money, the central bank can control the economy. Majority of modern paper currencies, are fiat money. e.g dollar, pounds etc.
The correct answer here is the public opinion.
All of the methods mentioned here are ways the politicians may test and see the public opinion. Polls are maybe the main indicator of the public opinion next to voting results but at stage it is a bit late for the candidate. Direct contact with the population is also a method by which the politicians can learn what troubles the said population.