Answer:
1. A). Compound sentence.
2. A). A word or group of words that renames a noun.
3. A). add -'s to the noun
4. A). to indicate when someone is speaking
Explanation:
1. The comma rule that is followed in the given sentence is the 'compound sentence' rule as it separates the first clause from the second. A compound sentence involves two independent clauses that can be joined using different punctuation marks like a comma or a semicolon or coordinating conjunction. Since the two clauses are joined using a coordinating conjunction, the comma(,) will separate the two ideas.
2. Appositives are characterized as the words which function to restate or rename the noun it immediately follows. It can be a noun or a noun phrase that turns to be the explanatory equivalent of the one it renames. For example, Ram, a doctor at BMS Medical College, is a highly professional. Here, the noun phrase 'a doctor at BMS Medical College' is renaming the noun 'Ram.'
3. In the case of singular nouns, the possession is displayed using an apostrophe immediately followed by the letter s, even if the noun ends with s. However, in the case of plural nouns, apostrophes only are used to express the possession if the noun has an ending with the letter s.
4. As per the question, one of the purposes behind using quotation marks could be 'to indicate the speech of a person' or the dialogues used by him/her during the conversation. We often quote different texts or writings to denote the exact language or words used by the author.
