The normal blood pH for adult humans is 7.40, and this pH value is vigorously defended at normal body temperature
Acid base Homeostasis is the method by which body keeps a constant ph
pH is kept under check via different systems
1. Chemical system :bicarbonate buffer system(explained below )
Respiratory component :
2. Respiratory Component: The second line of dense is rapid consisting of the control the carbonic acid concentration in the ECF by changing the rate and depth of breathing by hyperventilation or hypoventilation. This blows off or retains carbon dioxide (and thus carbonic acid) in the blood plasma as required
3.Metabolic component : third line of defense is slow, best measured by the base excess,eand mostly depends on the renal system which can add or remove bicarbonate ions to or from the ECF.Bicarbonate ions are derived from metabolic carbon dioxide which is enzymatically converted to carbonic acid in the renal tubular cells.There, carbonic acid spontaneously dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.When the pH in the ECF falls, hydrogen ions are excreted into urine, while bicarbonate ions are secreted into blood plasma, causing the plasma pH to rise.The converse happens if the pH in the ECF tends to rise: bicarbonate ions are then excreted into the urine and hydrogen ions into the blood plasma.
Buffers usually consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base; this enables them to readily absorb excess H+ or OH–, keeping the system’s pH within a narrow range.
Maintaining a constant blood pH is critical to a person’s well-being. The buffer that maintains the pH of human blood involves carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate ion (HCO3–), and carbon dioxide (CO2). When bicarbonate ions combine with free hydrogen ions and become carbonic acid, hydrogen ions are removed, moderating pH changes. Similarly, excess carbonic acid can be converted into carbon dioxide gas and exhaled through the lungs; this prevents too many free hydrogen ions from building up in the blood and dangerously reducing its pH; likewise, if too much OH– is introduced into the system, carbonic acid will combine with it to create bicarbonate, lowering the pH.
Example: Antacids, which combat excess stomach acid, are another example of buffers.
ECF =Extra cellular fluid
The correct answers are a, c, d.
There are three types of capillaries: continuous, sinusoidal (or discontinuous) and fenestrated. Continuous capillaries are the most common type and they form tight junctions. Sinusoidal capillaries form an incomplete lining with several gaps, which allow red and white blood cells and some serum proteins to pass. These capillaries are mainly found in the bone marrow, lymph nodes and adrenal glands. Finally, fenestrated capillaries facilitate the movement of smaller molecules and plasma proteins and are mainly found in the small intestine. The majority of the fluid transport happens through the fenestrated capillaries.
Answer:
1)El ciclo del agua no se inicia en un lugar específico, pero para esta explicación asumimos que comienza en los océanos. ... Corrientes ascendentes de aire llevan el vapor a las capas superiores de la atmósfera, donde la menor temperatura causa que el vapor de agua se condense y forme las nubes.
2)El sol, que dirige el ciclo del agua, calienta el agua de los océanos, la cual se evapora hacia el aire como vapor de agua. Corrientes ascendentes de aire llevan el vapor a las capas superiores de la atmósfera, donde la menor temperatura causa que el vapor de agua se condense y forme las nubes.
Explanation:
POR FAVOR REVISAME DE LA MANERA MAS INTELIGENTE BRAINLIEST
In the United States, flu season occurs in the fall and winter. While influenza viruses circulate year-round, most of the time flu activity peaks between December and February, but activity can last as late as May.
