Answer:
a. The common stockholders.
Explanation:
A company's retained earnings have a financing cost associated with them because retained earnings belong to the common stockholders.
Retained earnings can be defined as the accumulated profits or net income generated by an organization but are not distributed or given as dividends to the stockholders, rather are reinvested in to the business.
Generally, retained earnings are used to pay off debts, used for capital expenditures and working capitals.
Retained earnings represents the total stockholders' equity reinvested back into the company.
Answer:
The answer is:
10% fixed rate = Company X's external borrowing (rate);
11.8% fixed rate = Company Y's payment to X (rate);
LIBOR + 1.5% = Company X's payment to Y (rate);
LIBOR + 1.5% = Company Y's external borrowing rate.
Explanation:
First, X will borrow at 10% fixed and Y will borrow at LIBOR + 1.5% floating; both at notational principal of $10 million.
Then; they will enter into a interest swap where:
- X will pay to the swap the interest rate of Libor +1.5% and receive from the swap the fixed interest rate of 11.8%. Thus, X interest income and interest expenses will be: Borrowed at fixed 10% and payment at Libor+1.5% to the swap; Receipt of 11.8% from the Swap=> Net effect: X borrowed at LIBOR - 0.3% ( saving of 0.3%).
- Y will pay to the swap the fixed interest rate 11.8% and receive from the swap LIBOR +1.5%. Thus, Y interest income and interest expenses will be: Borrowed at LIBOR +1.5 and payment 11.8% fixed to the swap; Receipt of Libor + 1.5% from Bthe Swap=> Net effect: Y borrowed at 11.8% fixed ( saving of 0.2%).
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Profit is Maximize when MR = MC
since MR=40 - 0.5Q
and MC= 4
Therefore:
40-0.5Q = 4
-0.5Q = 4 - 40
-0.5Q= -36
divide through by -0.5
Q = 72
since Q = 72
from Q = 160 - 4p
72 = 160 - 4P
-4p = 72 - 160
-4P = -88
divide through by -4
P = 22
a) ( 0.8509718, 0.8890282)
b) ( 0.7255, 0.7745)
Explanation:
(a)
Given that , a = 0.05, Z(0.025) =1.96 (from standard normal table)
So Margin of error = Z × sqrt(p × (1-p)/n) = 1.96 × sqrt(0.87 × (1-0.87) / 1200)
=0.01902816
So 95 % confidence interval is
p+/-E
0.87+/-0.01902816
( 0.8509718, 0.8890282)
(b)
Margin of error = 1.96 × sqrt (0.75 × (1-0.75) / 1200) = 0.0245
So 95% confidence interval is
p+/-E
0.75+/-0.0245
( 0.7255, 0.7745)
