Historians identify turning points and recognize that the choice of specific dates gives a higher value to ones narrative, region, or group
The map is pointing to the middle colonies, but the middle colonies consisted of PA, NJ, Delaware etc, but the arrow is specifically on New Jersey so I would assume New Jersey.
belief that all individuals, or nearly all individuals, can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal
It was the action of mostly forming the Peace Corps that was most associated with this quote from President Kennedy, although it had to do with the Cold War.