Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNA and DNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, but they have slightly different chemical properties. The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Each sequence of three bases, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three bases that does not code for an amino acid).
The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. It is so important that it is sometimes called the “central dogma.”
The pulmonary circulation conveys blood that is low in oxygen to the lungs before returning back to the left side of the heart.
<h3>The pulmonary circulation</h3>
The circulatory system is divided into two main parts namely:
- pulmonary circulation and
The pulmonary circulation involves the movement of blood between the lungs and the heart.
Blood from the systemic circulation returns to the right side of the heart where it is pumped through the pulmonary artery into the lungs to be oxygenated.
After oxygenation has taken place in the lungs, the blood returns to the left side of the heart through the pulmonary veins.
Learn more about systemic circulation here:
brainly.com/question/811428
Answer:
I agree with henry/snake. I will answer Maria's question by saying that it is condensation because of the temperature from outside and the temperature of the liquid if they are opposites then it will cause condensation.
Explanation:
Answer: D
Explanation: It would be D because it has a larger amount and all species vary and leaves can be exactly the same they change color and evolve into different shapes
