Answer:
The correct answer would be option C.
Plants evolved different methods to prevent or reduce the effects of photorespiration.
The C3 plants are the most common plants which do not have any special methods or physiology to prevent photorespiration.
The C4 are the plants in which carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle takes place in different cells. Carbon is fixed in the mesophyll cells with the help of PEP carboxylase enzyme. It fixes carbon and converts PEP into oxaloacetate. The Calvin cycle takes place in the bundle-sheath cells.
In contrast, CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) plants are those in which carbon fixation and Calvin cycle are separated into time. The carbon is fixed during the night as it helps in reducing the loss of water through transpiration.
The Calvin cycle takes place during the day time in the same cell, that is, mesophyll cell.
Answer:
Describe two desert animals and the adaptation that help them survive?
Camel and Donkey
Explanation:
Both animals have two different types of stomach that enables them to store water for a very long time and makes them withstand drought
Answer:
It consists of the mouth, or oral cavity, with its teeth, for grinding the food, and its tongue, which serves to knead food and mix it with saliva; the throat, or pharynx; the esophagus; the stomach; the small intestine, consisting of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum; and the large intestine, consisting of the cecum, a closed-end sac connecting with the ileum, the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon, which terminates in the rectum. Glands contributing digestive juices include the salivary glands, the gastric glands in the stomach lining, the pancreas, and the liver and its adjuncts—the gallbladder and bile ducts. All of these organs and glands contribute to the physical and chemical breaking down of ingested food and to the eventual elimination of nondigestible wastes.
An irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the equatorial pacific region and beyond every few years, characterized by the appearance of unusually warm, nutrient-poor water off northern Peru and Ecuador, typically in late December
Answer:
sympathetic stimulation
Explanation:
Under stress or emergency conditions, the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division release acetylcholine. Acetylcholine stimulates secretion and release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla. These hormones enhance the effects of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) during stress. Epinephrine and norepinephrine augment the fight-or-flight response as they increase the heart rate and force of contraction, the output of the heart, and blood pressure. They also increase blood supply to the heart, liver, and adipose tissue. The airways to lungs become dilated and there are increase blood levels of glucose and fatty acids.
