The answer for Part A is C.
"Abandon" means to quit or lose, so the word "quit" would be the best answer.
The answer for Part B is B.
Since "abandon" means to "quit", "lose", or "give up", the phrase "given up trying" would fit best for the answer.
A. Would be correct because mayor is the subject and lives being the verb.
This is indirect characterization because it SHOWS, rather than tells.
Here are two examples:
Indirect: Erica stomped her foot and flew out of the room.
This shows that she is angry, rather than just tells.
Direct: Erica was so angry she stomped her foot and flew out of the room.
This just tells you she's mad.
It is actually the 8th. it is the smallest planet in the solar system. Hope this helps