The correct answer is option A.
The term "literary movement" is used to refer to "a trend in literature marked by the shared assumptions, beliefs, and practices of a general time period".
By shared assumptions, beliefs, and practices we could understand the reasons for which a literary movement emerges. It is common that a movement emerges as a reaction against the previous one.
For example, Romanticism developed as a reaction against Neoclassicism which was "the age of reason" since all had to be explained by means of the reason, it was the age of order and harmony. In contrast, Romanticism went for feelings and imagination, freedom of speech and freedom of thought.
