1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
jeyben [28]
2 years ago
8

Explain the impact of British colonial rule on India

History
1 answer:
Olenka [21]2 years ago
4 0
British Colonial Rule: Impact # 1.
Destruction of Indian Handicrafts:
The Industrial Revolution in England created a serious impact on Indian economy as it reversed the character and composition of India’s foreign trade. This led to destruction of Indian handicrafts although there was no substantial growth of modern factory industry.
The factors which were responsible for the gradual decay of Indian handicrafts were—disappearance of princely courts and their patronage, aggressive trade policy of the East India Company and the British Government, increasing competition of British machine—made goods and increasing demand for Western commodities as a result of foreign influence.
The destruction of Indian handicrafts created a vacuum in Indian markets which was subsequently fed by British manufactured goods. The destruction of Indian handicrafts led to serious unemployment problem and the weavers were most seriously affected.
Moreover, this unemployed craftsmen and artisans could not find any alternative occupation open to them and thus they had to return to agricultural sector leading to ‘progressive ruralisation of India’. Thus, this dependence of population on agriculture gradually increased from 55 per cent in 1901 to 72 per cent in 1931 and this led to progressive sub-division and fragmentation of agricultural holdings.
British Colonial Rule: Impact # 2.
New Land System:
New land system of the British ruler also created a serious impact on the Indian economy. During the East India Company rule, the company administrators imposed land revenue at exorbitant rates and thereby realised larger returns from land.
Thereafter, the British Government introduced the land settlement in 1793. Permanent settlement was introduced in Bengal and other neighbouring areas, and then gradually extended to other states. This settlement led to introduction of zamindary system where zamindars were responsible for collecting and remitting the land revenue to the British rulers.
Later on, another system known as ryotwary settlement was also introduced in Bombay and Madras and then subsequently to north­eastern and north-western India where peasant landlords were directly responsible to the state for the annual payment of land revenue.
Under both these systems, the land revenue or the rent fixed was excessively high and this led to destruction of the organic village community in India.
In this connection, Daniel and Alice Thorner wrote, “Whereas the zamindary system made the landlords masters of the village communities, the Ryotwary system cut through the heart of the village communities by making separate arrangement between each peasant cultivator and the state”.
Thus the new land system of the British created a class of absentee landlords making way for exploitation of the peasants. Thus both the zamindary system and the Ryotwary system introduced by the British led to the concentration of economic power in the hands of few. This resulted total depression in agriculture and industry.

British Colonial Rule: Impact # 3.
Commercialisation of Agriculture:
Commercialisation of Indian agriculture during the British period created a serious impact on the Indian economy. Commercialisation of agriculture indicates production of various crops not for home consumption but for sale. Industrial revolution in Britain had raised the demand for agro-raw-materials, especially raw cotton, jute, sugarcane, groundnuts etc. for British industries.
As the British industries were offering higher prices for commercial crops the peasants gradually started to shift their cropping pattern substituting commercial crops for food crops. In some areas commercialisation of agriculture reached to such an extent that the peasants even could not produce food crops for their home consumption and started to purchase foodstuff from the mandis.
Moreover, the development of irrigation also intensified the commercialisation of agriculture in India.
British Colonial Rule: Impact # 4.
Development of Railway Network:
The development of an elaborate railway network primarily intensified the commercialisation of agriculture and on the other hand brought foreign machine made manufactures to India. This sharpened the competition of machine made goods with Indian handicrafts which resulted into total destruction of Indian handicrafts industry.
.

You might be interested in
13. Name one goal of the Progressive Movement.
nika2105 [10]

Answer:

The main objectives of the Progressive movement were addressing problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption.

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What hypothesis was Benjamin Franklin trying to test with the invention of the lightning rod?
Keith_Richards [23]
That it can be controlled
6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
• Fasting during Ramadan
seropon [69]
(3) islam
these are 3/5 pillars of faith muslims follow
i hope this helps!
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Following the storming of the Bastille, the National Constituent Assembly:
Keith_Richards [23]

On AP3X it's D:

Seized lands from the Roman Catholic Church and placed restrictions on religious leaders

4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How did the increasing church power help create political unity in europe
iren2701 [21]

The Church created political unity in Europe by spreading its influence to various spheres of life and uniting the people together as Christians. The people also believed the Church and considered it the final authority in a variety of areas

5 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • What is the concept of absolutism?
    11·2 answers
  • As the head of the executive branch list 2 power the president has
    12·1 answer
  • What events showed racial tension in the united states during world war ll?
    8·1 answer
  • John Calvin believed in the idea of , meaning that God determined one’s salvation before birth.
    9·2 answers
  • how is the Renaissance movement characterized, in thought, writing, and art, as the evolutionary bridge between the Middle Ages
    6·1 answer
  • In a nation-state, what role does shared religion play?
    8·1 answer
  • Which country experienced the growth of a communist movement that challenged the ruling nationalist government in the years afte
    5·2 answers
  • Which branch of the government is the cabinet in
    5·2 answers
  • Choose the correct term that matches the scenario: A Texas congressman breaks a law and claims he can't be arrested because he i
    10·2 answers
  • CONVINCE ME OTHERWISE.
    13·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!