Answer: B. Americans could not speak out for one side or the other
Explanation:
Congressional proponents of neutrality legislation sought to prevent similar mistakes. The 1935 act banned munitions exports to belligerents and restricted American travel on belligerent ships. The 1936 act banned loans to belligerents. The 1937 act extended these provisions to civil wars and gave the president discretionary authority to restrict nonmunitions sales to a “cash‐and‐carry” basis (belligerents had to pay in advance then export goods in their own ships).
During the 1800s due to an economic and military weakness of the U.S compared to its neighbors the British, French and European rivals, the United States foreign policy makers sought diplomatic means to counter European presence.
The U.S diplomacy aimed at preventing France and Britain from accessing the control of more colonies in Latin America and Mexico which were a part of a declining Spanish empire.
Foreign policy goals previously focussed on gaining colonies and expansion to new territories, but, changed to developing commercial empires, limit the influence o the Soviet (USSR) and encourage more significant economic and political freedom.
The correct answer is:
In 1852 Count Camillo di Cavour became prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia. Austria’s domination over their country was the main obstacle to Italy's pursuit of unification. Cavour led to the unification of Italy by persuading Napoleon to a secretly planned war against Austria.
Given limited supplies of vaccines, antiviral drugs, and ventilators, non-pharmaceutical interventions are likely to dominate the public health response to any pandemic, at least in the near term. The six papers that make up this chapter describe scientific approaches to maximizing the benefits of quarantine and other nonpharmaceutical strategies for containing infectious disease as well as the legal and ethical considerations that should be taken into account when adopting such strategies. The authors of the first three papers raise a variety of legal and ethical concerns associated with behavioral approaches to disease containment and mitigation that must be addressed in the course of pandemic planning, and the last three papers describe the use of computer modeling for crafting disease containment strategies.
More specifically, the chapter’s first paper, by Lawrence Gostin and Benjamin Berkman of Georgetown University Law Center, presents an overview of the legal and ethical challenges that must be addressed in preparing for pandemic influenza. The authors observe that even interventions that are effective in a public health sense can have profound adverse consequences for civil liberties and economic status. They go on to identify several ethical and human rights concerns associated with behavioral interventions that would likely be used in a pandemic, and they discuss ways to minimize the social consequences of such interventions.
The next essay argues that although laws give decision makers certain powers in a pandemic, those decision makers must inevitably apply ethical tenets to decide if and how to use those powers because “law cannot anticipate the specifics of each public health emergency.” Workshop panelist James LeDuc of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and his co-authors present a set of ethical guidelines that should be employed in pandemic preparation and response. They also identify a range of legal issues relevant to social-distancing measures. If state and local governments are to reach an acceptable level of public health preparedness, the authors say, they must give systematic attention to the ethical and legal issues, and that preparedness should be tested, along with other public health measures, in pandemic preparation exercises.
LeDuc’s fellow panelist Victoria Sutton of Texas Tech University also considered the intersection of law and ethics in public health emergencies in general and in the specific case of pandemic influenza.
Answer:
D. OPEC actions
Explanation:
The downfall of the US oil industry in the 1980s was caused by a reduced demand for oil caused by the energy crises of the 70s and with this reduced demand, there became an oil glut, because the production was also increased.
Therefore, this downfall of the oil industry in America in the 1980s was caused by increase in oil prices by OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries).
