As Lynn is working on writing the text that will be incorporated into a new magazine ad for her company’s line of handbags, she is engaging in the encoding stage of the communication process.
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What is encoding?</u></h3>
- Humans primarily communicate through encoding and decoding messages. The individual who creates and transmits the message is known as the encoder.
- The encoder must ascertain how the audience will interpret the message and make necessary changes to ensure that the audience interprets the message as intended.
- Encoding is the process of converting ideas into language. The message is transmitted by the encoder using a "medium" such a phone call, email, text message, in-person meeting, or other communication method.
Different signals require different levels of conscious thought when they are encoded. The encoder should also care for any "noise"—such as other messages, distractions, or influences—that could obstruct their message.
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Answer:
B. Reduce the Money Market Fund allocation by 30% (to 10%) and put the released funds in AAA-rated corporate bonds
Explanation:
First of all, since the investor is risk averse and cannot afford to lose money on any risky investment, she should change the mix of her investment portfolio but without increasing risks. Corporate bonds that are AAA-rated carry a very low risk and pay a little higher than money market funds. So a small decrease in money market fund assets and an increase in AAA-rated bonds should yield a slightly higher return.
Investing in equities would be too risky and US Treasuries pay even less interests than money market funds.
The proportion of the optimal risky portfolio that should be invested in stock A is 0%.
Using this formula
Stock A optimal risky portfolio=[(Wa-RFR )×SDB²]-[(Wb-RFR)×SDA×SDB×CC] ÷ [(Wa-RFR )×SDB²+(Wb-RFR)SDA²]- [(Wa-RFR +Wb-RFR )×SDA×SDB×CC]
Where:
Stock A Expected Return (Wa) =16%
Stock A Standard Deviation (SDA)= 18.0%
Stock B Expected Return (Wb)= 12%
Stock B Standard Deviation(SDB) = 3%
Correlation Coefficient for Stock A and B (CC) = 0.50
Risk Free rate of return(RFR) = 10%
Let plug in the formula
Stock A optimal risky portfolio=[(.16-.10)×.03²]-[(.12-.10)×.18×.03×0.50]÷ [(.16-.10 )×.03²+(.12-.10)×.18²]- [(.16-.10 +.12-.10 )×.18×.03×0.50]
Stock A optimal risky portfolio=(0.000054-0.000054)÷(0.000702-0.000216)
Stock A optimal risky portfolio=0÷0.000486×100%
Stock A optimal risky portfolio=0%
Inconclusion the proportion of the optimal risky portfolio that should be invested in stock A is 0%.
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Answer:
Indirect and fixed
Explanation:
Indirect costs are those cost which cannot be directly attributable to any product.
Fixed costs are those which remains the same in the period whatever the level of activity (production, sales etc.) is. It does not vary with the change in the activity level.
Supervisor salaries cannot be traceable directly to any specific product, so it is considered as the indirect cost. As the Salaries are fixed payments made on monthly or annually basis, So it is also classified as the fixed cost.
