Many economists felt that the reparations demanded from Germany were excessive and counterproductive. Operating from the principle of permanently weakening Germany, France was particularly keen on punishing Germany and limiting its ability to wage war. This approach, however, backfired because reparations were so severe Germany plunged into economic chaos. This situation allowed for the rise of Adolf Hitler and planted the seeds for WWII.
It is mostly for the protection of individual rights
They left rich soil when flood waters receded. So the correct option for the given question is option "d". It has been seen that rivers carry with them very rich and fertile soil which the farmers prefer because the amount of crop and the quality of crop is much better than they can get in any other place. The civilization of ancient Egypt as well as the Indus valley civilization were totally dependent on the Tigris and the Indus river respectively, as far as irrigation was concerned. Seasonal flooding always brings with it new fertile soil for irrigation.
: “The British used the profits from the sale of opium to purchase such Chinese luxury goods as porcelain, silk, and tea, which were in great demand. They tried to bribe the Chinese with the gifts.”
