Answer:
(a) crossing over: Meiosis I, Recombination
(b) chromatids separate at their centromeres and migrate to opposite poles: Meiosis II, Anaphase II
(c) chromosomes become aligned in pairs at the equator: Meiosis II, Metaphase II
Explanation:
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination that occurs during meiosis (formation of ovum and sperm cells). The paired chromosomes of the male and female parents are aligned so that similar DNA sequences intersect. This crossing over produces an exchange of genetic material, which is an important cause of the genetic variability observed in the offspring.
Meiosis II: Anaphase II. The centromeres separate and the daughter chromatids - now individual chromosomes - move to the opposite poles of the cell. The centromeres separate, and the two chromatids of each chromosome move toward the opposite poles in the spindle.
Meiosis II: Metaphase II. Chromosomes are accommodated in the equatorial plate of metaphase, similar to what happens in mitosis. They are attached to the already fully formed meiotic spindle. Each chromosome is aligned in the equatorial plate of the metaphase, as it happens in mitosis.
Answer:
plant cell
Explanation:
Animal cells do not photosynthesize (with the exception of one animal but biology is INCREDIBLY diverse and creative.)
The existence of being able to process photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a functional and adaptive mechanism which enables plants to make and create their own food with the use of sunlight. Also, water and carbon dioxide, oxygen is then the by product of this process which is beneficial to other organisms especially heterotrophs.
Similarities
Both plant and animal cells have eukaryotic origins
Both have common organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes
Both are surrounded by a cell membrane
differences
plant cells have a regular defined shape while animal cells have an irregular shape
plant cells have a cell wall while animal cells lack a cell wall
plant cells have a chloroplast for photosynthesis while animal cells do not have a chloroplast
