Answer:
Legal and environmental.
Explanation:
PEST is a short form for political, economic, social, and technological factors. These are external factors likely to impact business performance. Entrepreneurs should analyze, understand them, and include their effects in business plans.
Other external factors that may affect business performance are legal and environmental.
For the legal factors, an entrepreneur should analyze the impact of possible changes in laws and legal interpretations on their businesses. In the environmental analysis, the entrepreneur should be aware of the industry's environmental regulations and restrictions. They should plan for possible changes in license limitations.
Answer:
The bonds after tax yield is given as Pre tax yield X (1-tax rate)
After Tax Yield = 9% X (1-0.36) = 9%X0.64=5.76%
Answer: 5.76%
Explanation:
The after-tax yield of any financial instrument such as a bond or even stock dividends is the effective yield after the applicable taxes have been paid. Higher the tax rate, lesser is the after-tax yield for the investor.
To calculate your after-tax yield, you need to know both the rate of return on your investment and the tax rate that applies to those profits. First, convert your tax rate that applies to the earnings to a decimal by dividing by 100. Second, subtract the result from 1 to calculate the portion of your earnings that you get to keep after you pay taxes on them. Third, multiply the result by the rate of return on the investment to calculate your after-tax yield.
For example, say that you want to calculate the after-tax rate of return on your certificate of deposit. If your rate of return is 3 percent and the tax rate applied to that interest is 24 percent, start by dividing 24 percent by 100 to get 0.24. Second, subtract 0.24 from 1 to get 0.76 – the portion that you get to keep after accounting for taxes. Finally, multiply 0.76 by your overall rate of return of 3 percent to find your after-tax yield is 2.28 percent.
A fair value option is the alternative for a business to record its financial instruments at the fair values. Liabilities are company's financial debts or obligations that arise in the course of business operations. They may be long term or short term. In this case, if the fair value of the liability decreases, the firm should respond by crediting the unrealized Holding Gain/loss in the income account.
