The sequence of Nucleotides in a DNA molecule determine the protein that will be produced. Nucleotides are the basic structural unit of DNA.
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Each species has a specific identifying number of chromosomes. For example, a cat, <em>Felis catus</em>, has 38 chromosomes, while corn, <em>Zea mays</em>, has 20 chromosomes each chromosome carries specific genes that are unique to that chromosome.
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Chromosomes vary in shape and number among living beings. For example, the bacterial chromosome is a unique circular molecule, while human beings have 46 lineal chromosomes arranged in pairs (23 pairs). The total number of chromosomes is specific to each species, and it is denoted as the "chromosomic dotation" of the species.
Genes are the hereditable units that transmit the information needed to specify traits, from parents to offspring, generation to generation. Genes are arranged in sequence in the chromosomes. A chromosome might contain hundreds of thousands of genes.
Genes vary in size and shape. They are composed of pairs of bases, and these sequences also vary in number, producing genes of different lengths. In general, genes code for proteins. Proteins create the organism tissues and perform or carry out specific functions in the organisms, controlling almost all processes and chemical reactions.
Each chromosome carries <u>specific</u> genes that code for <u>specific </u>proteins that have <u>specific</u> functions in the organisms. Each chromosome carries information to synthesize different proteins needed to accomplish a certain function. But <u>not all chromosomes carry the same gene sequences</u>. Only homologous chromosomes carry information for the same trait, but even this information is not necessarily the same. They might have the same gene but different alleles.
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Answer: C. The offspring are genetically distinct from the parents because they are produced by sexual reproduction. Explanation: Sexual reproduction occurs through the fusion between an egg and a sperm cell
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facts: The tendency to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment is called homeostasis. The body maintains homeostasis for many factors in addition to temperature. For instance, the concentration of various ions in your blood must be kept steady, along with pH and the concentration of glucose.
opinions: Homeostasis is the tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment. Homeostasis typically involves negative feedback loops that counteract changes of various properties from their target values, known as set points.
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