Answer:
c. lump-sum taxes are often viewed as unfair because they take the same amount of money from both poor and rich.
Explanation:
To understand this question, you have to first understand what lump-sum taxes are.
Lump-sum taxes are a system of taxes where everybody pays the same amount of tax no matter their economic status, or their actions. Basically, lump-sum taxes take the same amount of money from the rich and the poor, hugely increasing the burden on the poor and lessening that of the rich.
As an example, a lump-sum tax of $100 would require everybody to pay $100. To a person earning, say $120, that would be a huge hit, and be a huge burden on his normal life. However, to a rich person who earns, say, $10000, that would be much more easier for the rich person.
Hence, lump-sum taxes are often viewed as unfair because of the unfair advantage the rich have over the poor in tax-paying.
Hope this helped!
Answer:
17%
Explanation:
Purchase price of bond = $921.77
Years investment held = n = 7
Coupon rate = C = 15%
Frequency of payment = m = 2
Annual coupon = $1,000 × (0.15/2) = $75.00
Realized Yield = i
Selling price of bond = PB = $961.22
The realized rate of return is approximately 16.6 percent. Using a financial calculator provided an exact yield of 16.625 percent.
Answer:
a. Incremental analysis.
b. Sunk cost.
c. Relevant information.
d. Opportunity cost.
e. Joint products.
f. Out-of-pocket cost.
g. Split-off point.
Explanation:
a. Incremental analysis: examination of differences between costs to be incurred and revenue to be earned under different courses of action.
b. Sunk cost: a cost incurred in the past that cannot be changed as a result of future actions. Sunk cost can be defined as a cost or an amount of money that has been spent on something in the past and as such cannot be recovered.
c. Relevant information: costs and revenue that are expected to vary, depending on the course of action decided on. Hence, relevant cost are relevant for decision-making purposes but not sunk costs.
d. Opportunity cost: the benefit foregone by not pursuing an alternative course of action. Opportunity cost also known as the alternative forgone, can be defined as the value, profit or benefits given up by an individual or organization in order to choose or acquire something deemed significant at the time.
e. Joint products: products made from common raw materials and shared production processes.
f. Out-of-pocket cost: a cost yet to be incurred that will require future payment and may vary among alternative courses of action.
g. Split-off point: the point at which manufacturing costs are split equally between ending inventory and cost of goods sold. Thus, it give rise to joint products that emerge from the same raw materials and a shared manufacturing process.
Answer:
Stated interest rate
Explanation:
The stated interest rate is the rate of interest in which the value of the cash interest that has to paid on each date of interest
The value of the cash interest paid could be determined by applying the following formula
= Face value of the securities × Stated interest rate
Therefore as per the given situation, the stated interest rate is the answer and the same is to be considered
Answer:
The externality that affected me was the U.S. recession of 2018.
Explanation:
The externality is the term that refers to a variation in a outside factor that end up affecting persons involve in a business that is not related directly to the outside factor that changed.
1. The 2008 recession made harder for me to get a job in the restaurant sector even though the prices of the restaurants and hotels continued to be the same, many person have to cut their expenditure in tourism as the recession significantly impacted the financial institutions and many persons were laid off from their jobs which decreased consumption.
2. The effects of the recession were: increase in the unemployment, decrease in the consumption, increase in foreclosures.
3. I experienced decrease in my quality of life as it was harder for me to keep a job for a long time. Most of jobs were part time therefore it was a time where I have to live on my savings.
4. Pollution is best reduced if companies take conscience of the fact that they have a greater impact on the environment than individuals. This will lead to better business practices in the manage of residuals and raw materials.
5. A positive externality can create a bubble in the prices and overestimate the actual value of an asset e.g. cryptocurrencies bubble was a positive effect for some investor that really knew the value of this securities but in the long run it created a bubble and people that did not know about cryptocurrencies invested and lost most of their money.
