For a protein to be an integral membrane protein it would have to be

Biology

1 answer:

GREYUIT [131]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

permanently attached to the cell membrane

Explanation:

for a protein to be an integral membrane protein, it would have to be permanently attached to the cell membrane and they are mostly transmembrane proteins. they are also called intrinsic proteins with more than one segment integrated into the phospholipid bilayer of the membrane.

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4 years ago

Name the processes by which carbon dioxide and water move into and out of the cell.

Lera25 [3.4K]

Answer:

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3 years ago

Which describes the process of fermentation?

xxMikexx [17]

Explanation:

anaerobic process that restores NAD+ supply

Within cells, aerobic respiration may not occur due to several factors:

- a lack of inorganic, final electron acceptors
-incomplete or lack of a complete electron transport system
-missing genes for enzymes within the Kreb's cycle

Thus, they utilize other means for the generation of energy in the form of ATP and to replenish NAD+ an oxidized form of NADH, the main electron carrier in glycolysis. Pyruvate is produced in the cytoplasm via glycolysis- it is also used as an electron acceptor in a process called fermentation.

Further Explanation:

overall: C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ≈38 ATP

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Oxidative phosphorylation describes a process in which the NADH and FADH2 made in previous steps of respiration process give up electrons in the electron transport chain these are converted it to their previous forms, NADH+ and FAD. Electrons continue to move down the chain the energy they release is used in pumping protons out of the matrix of the mitochondria.

This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP. At the end of the electron transport, three molecules of oxygen accept electrons and protons to form molecules of water...

Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm 2 molecules of ATP are used to cleave glucose into 2 pyruvates, 4 ATP and 2 electron carrying NADH molecules. (2 ATP are utilized for a net ATP of 2)
The Citric acid or Kreb's cycle: in the mitochondrial matrix- 6 molecules of CO2 are produced by combining oxygen and the carbon within pyruvate, 2 ATP oxygen molecules, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2.
The electron transport chain, ETC: in the inner mitochondrial membrane, 34 ATP, electrons combine with H+ split from 10 NADH, 4 FADH2, renewing the number of electron acceptors and 3 oxygen; this forms 6 H2O, 10 NAD+, 4 FAD.