Quaker is the name attributed to the members of the Religious Society of Friends which found their existence in seventeenth-century England. They rejected the orthodox ceremonies and clergy domination, and believed in the individual path of salvation. This brought them in direct conflict with the orthodox Christians in England. King Charles II granted a large land grant in America to William Penn for paying off a debt owed to his family and there Penn, helped to establish Pennsylvania as someplace of religious freedom and tolerance.
In the year 1681, William Penn received huge tracts of land from the king Charles II as payment for the debts the king had owed Penn's father, Sir Willliam Penn. Upon learning this, Penn set forth for America and landed and developed what is now the present state of Pennsylvania.
His association with the Quaker community began way before he had acquired the land from the King. The Quakers are a group of Christian believers who disassociate themselves from the other sects of Christianity. During his academic years, he had encountered Thomas Loe, who preached about the Quaker doctrines. But it wasn't until several years later that he will fully support and be a part of the Quakers himself. His next encounter with Loe confirmed his belief in the Quaker sect, and began to identify himself as a part of that sect.
With the acquiring of the new land, he made plans and developed it into a land for the Quakers basically, and became their proprietor. This land later became to be the present land of Pennsylvania.
Atlantic creoles were among the first Africans transported to the mainland. They became black America's charter generations. Atlantic creoles began arriving in the Americas in the 16th century. Some accompanied the conquistadors, marching with Balboa, Cortés, De Soto, and Pizarro.
he industrial revolution in Europe had very different features. Belgium, one of the first industrialised countries, was able to draw on rich resources of iron ore and coal and a strong tradition of textile manufacturing. For this reason industrial development ran along similar lines to that in Great Britain.
