Not all. This fungus is a lichen, providing nutrients to the tree. The lichen gets sugars from the plant. Both benefit from this relationship.
Symbiotic Relationships of Fungi
Not all fungi feed on dead organisms. Many are involved in symbiotic relationships, including parasitism and mutualism.
Fungi as Parasites
In a parasitic relationship, the parasite benefits while the host is harmed. Parasitic fungi live in or on other organisms and get their nutrients from them. Fungi have special structures for penetrating a host. They also produce enzymes that break down the host’s tissues.
Parasitic fungi often cause illness and may eventually kill their host. They are the major cause of disease in agricultural plants. Fungi also parasitize animals, such as the insect pictured in Figure below. Fungi even parasitize humans. Did you ever have athelete’s foot? If so, you were the host of a parasitic fungus.
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Solution:
In phylogenetic inference, an evolutionary novelty (or derived character) is referred to as Plesiomorphy
Relating to or denoting the process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
Thus this is the required answer.
The division of the peripheral nervous system where it is responsible for producing physiological symptoms (such as increased heart rate and butterflies in the stomach) under conditions of stress would be the sympathetic division. It is also called the emergency system since it prepares the body for any physical activity that would be intense.
The cell membrane separates the intracellular environment from the extracellular environment outside of the cell. A phospholipid is composed of a phosphate group and a lipid. It is composed of a hydrophilic, polar phosphate head and two hydrophobic fatty acid tails.
The structure of the bilayer is such that the tails are shielded from contact with water, creating a selectively-permeable barrier which will be impermeable to most hydrophilic molecules.
So, the answer is A) To maintain balance of water and nutrients in the cell.
Hey this is late, but if an organ fails, like for example the kidney fails right? So then it affects the heart. and so on, because the kidney helps clean the blood and your body needs blood.
