Answer: population
Explanation:
because they are the same it cant be commuintiy
The magnitude of the work done by the electric field of the membrane is <u>W = 1.28 × 10⁻²⁰ Joules</u>.
We start with the necessity to take into account a value for the voltage present there in order to solve this problem by first considering that the membranes have two layers, one internal and one external, each responsible for producing a potential difference between the two levels.
As a result, in order to find a solution, it is necessary to take into account the potential difference between the two surfaces. In this instance, we'll assume a particular value for the load, but the recipient is free to substitute a different value if they prefer.
The product of the potential difference and the charge is used to define the work that an electric field performs. The charge of the potassium ion will be equal to that of its electron, so,
q = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs
Then the Work would be:
W = Vq
Here,
v = Potential difference
q = Charge
The 80mV potential difference we will have is quantified as follows:
W = (80mV (1V/1000mV))( 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C)
W = 1.28 × 10⁻²⁰ Joules is the amount of work that the membrane's electric field has produced.
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Answer:
The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.
Explanation:
The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,
- The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
- The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
- In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.
- When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.
- The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.
- The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.
- The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.
In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.
The parameters are always constant:
• r1: prey growth rate.
• a1: predator hunting success.
• r2: predator growth rate.
• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.
In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.
In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.
“Lord Randall” is a Scottish ballad in the form of a narrative song. A narrative song is a song that depicts or tells a story. A ballad is unique for it directly tells a story and emphasizes climactic incidents. It strips away those details which are not important to the plot. The story of “Lord Randall” narrates about a man who has been poisoned by his lover. The story does not tell about the incident’s background nor is the audience aware why the man has been poisoned. The story just shows the man revealing that he has been poisoned, his statement of his last will and testament, and his curse on the lover who planned to kill him. The technique shown in this story is what we call the incremental repetition. The incremental repetition is usually observed in poetry of oral tradition wherein a line is repeated in a changed context or with minor changes in the repeated part.
Some scientists hypothesize that the eukaryotic cells are really the result of symbiotic processes!
Specifically, the internal organs of the cells could be a remnant of a symbiotic relationship in which one cell lived inside of another cell. These two cells then both split upon reproduction and eventually the cell inside was reduced to an organelle.
But according to this theory, it is very likely that the prokaryotic cells engaged in a number of symbiotic relationship, and that this actually lead to the emergence of eukaryotic cells!
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