Answer:d. roles.
Explanation:Role, in sociology, refers to expected behavior from each and every person who occupies a particular social status. A role is a pattern of socially recognised behavior which defines what one need to do and give someone a spot in a society such as a mother has her role , teacher has her role and so on
These are the time main reasons why climate change is such a difficult issue on which to generate a global consensus that would lead to stronger cooperation because there is a lag between when emissions occur and when the effects of those emissions are likely to happen, and the short-term pressure to take action is diffuse
geography: those who contribute to the problem are not necessarily those who will suffer the most. That means the incentives to change fall the least hard on those who contribute the most to the problem.
globality/global governance: greenhouse gases don't stay within national boundaries. The problem requires global cooperation. But, countries have very different perspectives on the issue. They are still competing in the global marketplace and don't want new disadvantages.
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<u>Answer:</u>
Negative reinforcement in operant a) increases the frequency of a behavior.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Operating conditioning is a coping process that usually occurs by individual's behavioral rewards and punishments. Normally a person makes a contact between a specific behavior and an outcome by operant conditioning (Skinner, 1938). He called this method the conditioning of the operant.
In general, "negative reinforcement" is a concept defined by B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory. In negative reinforcement, by preventing, eliminating, or avoiding a bad outcome or undesired stimulus, an action or reaction is reinforced.
In cross sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time.
<h3>What is cross sectional research?</h3>
It is a type of research design in which data are collected from many different individuals or segments.
This data are analyzed at one specific point and time.
Therefore, a cross sectional researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time.
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