Answer:
The standard form is :

Step-by-step explanation:
A polynomial in standard form will be in decreasing powers of the variable.
The given polynomial is

We rearrange the terms in descending powers of y.
We start with the term with the highest degree and end with the term with the least degree.

If 2 boxes remain empty, it means that we put all three balls in one single box.
Suppose the full box is box number 1. For each ball, we have three choices - we may put it in box number 1, 2 or 3. This means that each box has a 1/3 chance of receiving each ball.
So:
- we choose box 1 for ball 1 - that's a 1/3 chance
- we choose box 1 for ball 2 - that's a 1/3 chance
- we choose box 1 for ball 3 - that's a 1/3 chance
So, the probability of putting all balls in box 1 is

But this is the probability of putting all ballx in box 1, and you can repeat this logic for box 2 and 3.
So, the probability of putting all balls in one single box is 1/27 for each box, for a total of

It really does not matter ... anyone can be a many-to-one function !!
Ratio means a fraction: x to y is x/y.
3x =5y
divide through by y
3x/y = 5
divide through by 3
x/y = 5/3 , or, as a ratio "5 to 3"