While I know the Spanish left Europe to go find the Aztec gold and which they did, but I don’t know about the other Countries
Generally speaking, the main focus of U.S. foreign-policy making is on ensuring that the United States stays safe from attack, but there are other motivations (humanitarian, economic, etc.) as well.
The roman republic was established after a successful rebellion against the etruscans.
The answer to this question is "Civil rights and feminism"
