Answer: c) the response results in an increase in the probability of an aversive or an appetitive event
Explanation:The word "positive" in "positive reinforcement" and "positive punishment" means that the response results in an increase in the probability of an aversive or an appetitive event.
Positive in positive reinforcement is a price or reward attached to an occurrence to strengthen a future occurrence.
Positive punishment is focus of reducing an unwanted behavior through presenting an unfavorable outcome
They were important because they made up a part of what is going on today, Hope this helps :)
Answer:
psychoanalytic theories
Explanation:
Psychoanalytic theories describe development as primarily unconscious and heavily colored by emotion.
I believe the answer is d not positive tho