This geographic polarization makes the population politically speaking to be very divided because these points of geographical difference are very significant for determining political polarization.
Classical Political Geography has as its precursor the German geographer Friedrich Ratzel, who laid the scientific and systematizing bases for this science with the publication, in 1897, of the work Political Geography. For Ratzel, the strength of the State was closely linked to space - in its shape, extent, relief, climate and availability of natural resources -, to its position - social relations established between the State and its circulating environment at the national and international level - and, finally, to the sense (or spirit) of the people, which represented the strength of that determined people in relation to another. These ideas, understood in a simplistic and distorted way, would be known as "geographic determinism". (Geographical determinism, however, occurs when natural elements are given the sole role in defining the constitutive aspects of societies.)
Answer: you did posted the answer choices
Explanation:
Answer:
1- McCulloch v. Maryland:
-The Second Bank of the United States was involved in the case.
-The Supreme Court ruled that a state could not tax a federal institution
2- Gibbons v. Ogden:
-The state of New York was involved in the case.
-The Supreme Court ruled that a state could not regulate commercial activities between states.
-A state-granted one company exclusive rights over the Hudson river.
Explanation:
1- McCulloch v. Maryland was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court in 1819, in which the state of Maryland was barred from levying a tax on federal banks operating in its territory. As a result, the principle of federalism triumphed over state rights, while the constitutional "Necessary and Proper Clause," which allows Congress to carry out certain actions not expressly stated in the Constitution but that appear to conform with those permitted activities, remained in effect.
2- Gibbons v. Ogden was a Supreme Court decision from 1824 that upheld the federal government's authority to control interstate trade. This is due to a dispute between New York and New Jersey, which was supposed to be settled by municipal courts but ended up breaching the Supreme Court's original authority and the states' right to equality.
The party’s members can be counted on to follow the leader’s ideology.
