Confucianism used the Chinese silk trade to spread and Buddhism used the Indian spice trade to spread, include things such as the silk road in your written answer.
Each individual has a unique opportunity to use his or her capital in order to improve the standard of living of the general public. This is done by making sure that the industry that he or she works in is of the best quality.
The alliance system in Europe basically was if one country went to war, all of the other countries in that alliance would back up their buddy and go to war as well. This is what happened when Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated and Austria-Hungary was arguing with Bosnia and each of their alliances go pulled in with them too.