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krok68 [10]
3 years ago
11

Currently, Warren Industries can sell 20 dash year​, ​$1 comma 000​-par-value bonds paying annual interest at a 9​% coupon rate.

Because current market rates for similar bonds are just under 9​%, Warren can sell its bonds for ​$980 ​each; Warren will incur flotation costs of ​$20 per bond. The firm is in the 28​% tax bracket. a. Find the net proceeds from the sale of the​ bond, Upper N Subscript d. b. Calculate the​ bond's yield to maturity​ (YTM​) to estimate the​ before-tax and​ after-tax costs of debt. c. Use the approximation formula to estimate the​ before-tax and​ after-tax costs of debt.
Business
1 answer:
Rufina [12.5K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a. Cash proceeds $960

b. Cost of Debt Before tax 9.4% and after tax 6.8%

c. Cost of Debt Before tax 9.39% and after tax 6.76%

Explanation:

a.

Cash proceed from the sale of bond is the net selling price and the floating cost of the bonds.

Cash proceed = Selling price - Floating cost = $980 - $20 = $960

b.

Yield to maturity is the annual rate of return that an investor receives if a bond bond is held until the maturity.

Yield to maturity = [ C + ( F - P ) / n ] / [ (F + P ) / 2 ]

Yield to maturity = [ $90 + ( $1,000 - $960 ) / 20 ] / [ ( $1,000 + $960 ) / 2 ]

Yield to maturity = 9.4%

Cost of debt before tax = 9.4%

Cost of debt after tax = 9.4% ( 1 - 0.28 ) = 6.8%

c.

Yield to maturity = [ C + ( F - P ) / n ] / [ (F + P ) / 2 ]

Yield to maturity = [ $90 + ( $1,000 - $960 ) / 20 ] / [ ( $1,000 + $960 ) / 2 ]

Yield to maturity = 9.39%

Cost of debt before tax = 9.39%

Cost of debt after tax = 9.19% ( 1 - 0.28 ) = 6.76%

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Answer:

Please check the attached image for the answers

Explanation:

Check the attached image for a clearer image of the table used in answering this question

A.

Cost of asset = c

Useful life = 5

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Depreciation factor = 2 x (1/useful life)

= 2 × (1/5) = 0.4 = 40%

Because the depreciation factor is 40%, the remaining book value after depreciation would be 60%.

Note that : Book value in year 1 = Cost of asset - Depreciation expense of year 1

Book value in year in subsequent years = previous book value - that year's depreciation expense

The book value in year 2: 0.6c x $51,000

Solve for c = 51,000 / 0.6 = 85,000

So, the book value in year 2 is $85,000

The book value in year 1 which is also the cost of the asset can be found using this equation : (2 / 5 ) x c = $85,000

Solve for c = $85,000 × (5/2) = $212500

The cost of the asset is $212,500

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Sum of the year Depreciation expense = (number of useful life remaining / sum of useful years) x (Cost of asset - Salvage value)

number of useful life remaining at year 2 = 7

Sum of useful life = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 = 36

The equation for year 2 depreciation : (7/36) × ($40,000 - Salvage value) = $7,000

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Salvage value = $4,000

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Straight line depreciation expense = (Cost of asset - Salvage value) / useful life

Inputting the values given for asset C into the above equation: ($103,000 - $13,000) ÷ useful life = $9,000

= $90,000 / useful life = $9,000

Solve for useful life, useful life = 10 years

For asset D,

To find the depreciation method used , we have to employ trial and error method. We would try all the depreciation methods available and determine which depreciation method would give us the depreciation value of $23,900

I would start with the straight line depreciation method Deprecation method.

Straight line depreciation expense = (Cost of asset - Salvage value) / useful life

= ($268,000-$29,000)/10 = $23,900

From the above calculation, the depreciation method used is the straight line depreciation method.

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The 150% declining method = Depreciation factor x cost of the asset

Depreciation factor = 1.5 x (1/useful life)

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To derive the depreciation expense in year 2, the book value at the beginning of year 2 has to be determined. To determine the year 2 book value, the depreciation expense in year one has to be determined.

Year 1 depreciation expense = 0.1875 x $219,000 = $41,062.50

Year 2 , book value = $219,000 - $41,062.50 = $177,937.50

Depreciation expense in year 2 = 0.1875 x $177,937.50 = $33,363.28

I hope my answer helps you

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