Base on the pythagorean theorem, we have : a² + b² = c².
The first set : 4,5,6 - 4² + 5² = 6² (a possible set)
The second set : 6² + 8² = 10² (another possible set)
The last set : 5² + 12² = 13² (also possible)

There are a lot more sets, but I'll only list 3. Hope this helps :)

3 0

2 years ago

Let z=3+i, then find a. Z² b. |Z| c.<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csqrt%7BZ%7D" id="TexFormula1" title="\sq

zysi [14]

Given z = 3 + i, right away we can find

(a) square

z ² = (3 + i )² = 3² + 6i + i ² = 9 + 6i - 1 = 8 + 6i

(b) modulus

|z| = √(3² + 1²) = √(9 + 1) = √10

(d) polar form

First find the argument:

arg(z) = arctan(1/3)

Then

z = |z| exp(i arg(z))

z = √10 exp(i arctan(1/3))

z = √10 (cos(arctan(1/3)) + i sin(arctan(1/3))

Any complex number has 2 square roots. Using the polar form from part (d), we have

√z = √(√10) exp(i arctan(1/3) / 2)

and

√z = √(√10) exp(i (arctan(1/3) + 2π) / 2)

Then in standard rectangular form, we have

$\sqrt z = \sqrt[4]{10} \left(\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right) + i \sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right)\right)$

and

$\sqrt z = \sqrt[4]{10} \left(\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right) + \pi\right) + i \sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right) + \pi\right)\right)$

We can simplify this further. We know that z lies in the first quadrant, so

0 < arg(z) = arctan(1/3) < π/2

which means

0 < 1/2 arctan(1/3) < π/4

Then both cos(1/2 arctan(1/3)) and sin(1/2 arctan(1/3)) are positive. Using the half-angle identity, we then have

$\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right) = \sqrt{\dfrac{1+\cos\left(\arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right)}2}$

$\sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right) = \sqrt{\dfrac{1-\cos\left(\arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right)}2}$

and since cos(x + π) = -cos(x) and sin(x + π) = -sin(x),

$\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)+\pi\right) = -\sqrt{\dfrac{1+\cos\left(\arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right)}2}$

$\sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)+\pi\right) = -\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\cos\left(\arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right)}2}$

Now, arctan(1/3) is an angle y such that tan(y) = 1/3. In a right triangle satisfying this relation, we would see that cos(y) = 3/√10 and sin(y) = 1/√10. Then

$\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right) = \sqrt{\dfrac{1+\dfrac3{\sqrt{10}}}2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{10+3\sqrt{10}}{20}}$

$\sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)\right) = \sqrt{\dfrac{1-\dfrac3{\sqrt{10}}}2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{10-3\sqrt{10}}{20}}$

$\cos\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)+\pi\right) = -\sqrt{\dfrac{10-3\sqrt{10}}{20}}$

$\sin\left(\dfrac12 \arctan\left(\dfrac13\right)+\pi\right) = -\sqrt{\dfrac{10-3\sqrt{10}}{20}}$

So the two square roots of z are

$\boxed{\sqrt z = \sqrt[4]{10} \left(\sqrt{\dfrac{10+3\sqrt{10}}{20}} + i \sqrt{\dfrac{10-3\sqrt{10}}{20}}\right)}$

and

$\boxed{\sqrt z = -\sqrt[4]{10} \left(\sqrt{\dfrac{10+3\sqrt{10}}{20}} + i \sqrt{\dfrac{10-3\sqrt{10}}{20}}\right)}$

3 0

3 years ago

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