To approach this essay prompt, you might pick a work of literature and either think first about the themes of the work or think about the major characters in that work.
If you start with the themes you will then pose the question, "How do the major characters express or relate to this theme?" If you start with the characters, you will ask, "What is the meaning behind this character's story and decisions?"
Character traits for fiction, every one useful to consider, are readily available in texts on writing and online: confident, conceited, domineering, outspoken, shy, short tempered, violent, passive, etc., for examples. These common traits often tend to be descriptive about appearance, or about personality. But for the serious, character-based fiction writer, there are other characteristics essential for creating character-specific voice and dialogue, assuring synthesis of logical desires and emotions in characters, and displaying levels of intellect and imagination of the character.
With all that in mind, i will further explain how the author uses characterization to express and develop the theme of a story. They use the characters as a form of attraction, mainly main characters. They use their attitudes to show you possibilities of their choices with could possibly change what you think will happen.