Purposive behaviorism
Edward c. Tolman's system combining the objective study of behavior with the consideration of goal-orientation in behavior is called Purposive behaviorism
A subfield of psychology called "purposeful behaviorism" was developed by Edward Tolman. It combines the study of behavior with an analysis of the reason for or objective of behavior. According to Tolman, understanding of the environment and how an organism interacts with it is the foundation for learning. Tolman wanted to pinpoint the intricate cognitive processes and motivations that underpinned conduct.
To know more about purposive behaviorism here
brainly.com/question/15034706
#SPJ4
Proponents of literature-based instruction usually focus on the importance of using authentic literature, rather than the "canned" variety found in basal textbooks and other programs. Books that are written to teach children to read tend to be boring, contrived and less vibrant than authentic literature. Authentic literature can also open doors for students by introducing them to different cultures, social structures and story lines.
Advantage: Higher Level Thinking Skills
Many teachers choose literature-based instruction because they feel that it addresses higher level thinking skills than basal level instruction. Rather than forcing children to give pat answers to basic questions about a story, literature-based instruction encourages children to think deeply and share their thoughts about a story. Reading authentic literature can improve vocabulary, reading comprehension, reading ability and language growth. In addition, literature-based instruction is much more child-centered, with the teacher as the facilitator or coach, rather than "the sage on the stage."
Disadvantage: Teacher's Perspective
From the teacher's perspective, teaching using a literature-based approach can be more difficult than using other approaches. First-time teachers may find it especially challenging, since literature-based approaches inherently have less structure than many other approaches. Teachers also may struggle with effectively assessing a child's progress. Because literature-based instruction is less widely used than other forms of instruction, teachers often spend hours choosing literature selections, as well as developing activities and evaluations that reflect the content.
Disadvantage: Scope and Sequence
Finding appropriate literature selections that address the skills that students need to learn can be challenging, and finding selections that actually build from one year to the next is virtually impossible. This means that using literature-based instruction may prevent students from building their skills in a systematic fashion, and they may miss out on some skills entirely. Especially as students advance to the next grade, they will feel a lack of continuity, which can prevent them from growing as readers, writers and thinkers.
References
Fayetteville State University: Merits of a Literature-Based Instruction Vs. the Basal Approach
Family Education: Literature-Based Reading Programs
Lesson Sense: Literature-Based Instruction
About the Author
Keren (Carrie) Perles is a freelance writer with professional experience in publishing since 2004. Perles has written, edited and developed curriculum for educational publishers. She writes online articles about various topics, mostly about education or parenting, and has been a mother, teacher and tutor for various ages. Perles holds a Bachelor of Arts in English communications from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
<span>
<span>Made the Cabinet within the Executive Branch by assigning Thomas
Jefferson Secretary of State and Alexander Hamilton Secretary of Treasury,
a figure that was not drawn within the Constitution.
</span>
Maintained innovative fiscal ideas for instance the Bank of America
and a national liability , which would be later accepted
Presented a policy of neutrality relating to foreign wars that was shadowed
up until WWI
<span>
Set the pattern for a two term limit of Presidents that was monitored
until Franklin Delano Roosevelt and then twisted into the 22nd
Amendment to the Constitution
</span>
Recognized relations with Great Britain with Jay’s Treaty. To this
day England rests one of our neighboring and toughest partners
Recognized the custom of a Presidential farewell speech
</span>
Answer:
They have a bilateral connection
Explanation:
They have a strong collaboration in the areas of health, education, environment, and the digital economy.
Answer:
balancing a checkbook.
Explanation:
An individual in this stage may have difficulty doing tasks such as balancing a checkbook. This sort of task requires a higher level of cognitive activity that may be very difficult for an individual in the early stages of dementia. This is because the early stages of this disease have very noticeable issues with memory, speed of thought, language or behaviour, which are all needed for these sort of tasks.
