Answer: It could limit how much the company charges customers.
It could insist a company get approval before making certain decisions.
A natural monopoly refers to a situation when one firm can cater to the entire market demand for a product. A natural monopoly can exist in an industry in because of high start-up costs, certain unique raw materials or processes or technologies that are required to run a business. In a natural monopoly, there is only one firm that benefits from very large economies of scale.
A government intervenes or regulates a natural monopoly primarily in order to protect consumer interests.
A natural monopoly has the power to raise the prices of its products as per its wish, since it is the only supplier of the product. Hence the government looks into the cost history of the firm and fixes regulation. The government can also set a price that a firm can exceed over a fixed period of time. This is known as a price cap regulation.
It is assumed that the natural monopoly will function in an economically rational manner. However, the government can insist that the natural monopoly get its approval before making certain decisions. This may occur due to a decision to decrease the quantity of goods produced.
Answer:
a) $0.5145 million
b) $7.35 million
Explanation:
Given:
Permanent debt outstanding = $35,000,000
Expected marginal tax rate = 21%
a) Suppose they pay an interest of 7% per year on debt. Find the annual interest tax shield.
To find annual interes tax shield use the formula below:
Annual interest tax shield =Total par value of Debt × interest rate × tax rate
= $35,000,000 × 7% × 21%
= $35,000,000 × 0.07 × 0.21
= $514,500
Annual interest tax shield = $0.5145 million
b) What is the present value of the interest tax shield, assuming its risk is the same as the loan?
Use the formula:
Present value of the interest tax shield = Annual interest tax shield /loan interest rate
= $514,500 / 7%
= $7,350,000
present value of the interest tax shield = $7.35 million
Answer:
A and B.
Explanation:
Understand cost classification used for assigning costs to cost objects can be divided in direct costs and indirect costs.
Direct costs are those who can be easily and conveniently traced to a unit of product or other cost object. Examples are direct material and labor.
Indirect costs are those who cannot be easily and conveniently traced to a unit of product or other cost object. Example manufacturing overhead.
The common costs are the indirect costs incurred in support a number of cost objects. These costs cannot be traced to any individual cost object.
Determining cost tracing and allocation is more art than science, as it's difficult to trace costs with 100 percent accuracy.
Tracing costs becomes even more difficult when a cost goes toward producing multiple goods or services.
Answer: $59,780.65
Explanation:
To find out what she would accept today, we need to apply the present value formula which is= V.P(1+i)^-n
So, $80,000(1+6%)^-5= $59,780.65
Answer:
a. It focuses on generating new revenue by offering new products and services.
Explanation:
An information system or technology can be defined as a set of components or computer systems, which is used to collect, store, and process data, as well as dissemination of information, knowledge, and distribution of digital products. Thus, an information system or technology interacts with its environment by receiving data in its raw forms and information in a usable format.
Information technology is an integral part of human life because individuals, organizations, and institutions rely on information technologies in order to perform their duties, functions or tasks and to manage their operations effectively. For example, all organizations make use of information systems for supply chain management, process financial accounts, manage their workforce, and as a marketing channels to reach their customers or potential customers.
Additionally, an information system comprises of five (5) main components;
1. Hardware.
2. Software.
3. Database.
4. Human resources.
5. Telecommunications.
Hence, in the context of using information technologies for a competitive advantage over rivals in the industry, the statement which is true of a top-line strategy is that, it focuses on generating new revenue by offering new products and services. The top-line strategy ensures that the company continues to generate gross revenue or sales.
